| Highly hazardous materials, widely used in modern | | | | The OSHA standard concerning worker exposure |
| industry, are an ever present source of potential | | | | to hazardous materials deals with hazards that |
| danger during transportation, storage and use. A | | | | workers may be exposed to in the workplace, |
| number of government departments and | | | | and is not only oriented differently but is more |
| agencies such as the Department of | | | | broad-based than that of the DOT (which is more |
| Transportation (DOT), the Environmental | | | | concerned with Hazmat Transportation). It is |
| Protection Agency (EPA), the Consumer Product | | | | interesting to note that even though the 1910.120 |
| Safety Commission (CPSC) and the Occupational | | | | HAZWOPER is an OSHA standard, it does not use |
| Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), each | | | | the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 |
| have a role to play in ensuring health and safety | | | | CFR 1910.1200) for hazardous chemicals. In fact |
| enforcement in the US. The DOT regulates | | | | the definition derives from the EPA's |
| transportation of hazardous materials (hazmat). | | | | Comprehensive Environmental Response, |
| The CPSC oversees hazardous materials that | | | | Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA, also |
| may go into consumer and household goods, while | | | | known as Superfund). |
| the EPA regulates hazardous materials that are | | | | The HAZWOPER definition, in addition to the |
| likely to negatively impact the environment. | | | | CERCLA listed hazardous substances, also includes: |
| OSHA is charged with the regulation of hazardous | | | | certain biological and disease-causing agents, the |
| chemicals, to ensure safety in the workplace. | | | | DOT defined hazardous materials, as well as |
| Hazardous materials are regulated via the Process | | | | hazardous waste. |
| Safety Management (PSM) 29 CFR 1910.119 | | | | The CERCLA Standard incorporates exhaustive |
| standard. The agency also regulates hazardous | | | | guidelines on issues relevant to the safe handling |
| waste clean-up operations as well as emergencies | | | | of hazardous materials. It requires detailed written |
| arising from hazmat related incidents through | | | | safety and health programs for employees |
| OSHA regulation 29 CFR 1910.120. | | | | involved in hazardous waste operations. It |
| This Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency | | | | provides examples of risks that would be |
| Response Standard, known in short as | | | | relevant, such as situations that are injury |
| HAZWOPER, became effective on March 6, 1990. | | | | threatening, immediate danger to life and health |
| The HAZWOPER 1910.120 standard encompasses: | | | | (IDLH), and danger to life and health (IDLH). It also |
| - Clean-up operations required by a governmental | | | | provides examples of threats to environments, |
| body, conducted at uncontrolled hazardous waste | | | | oxygen deficient situations etc. |
| sites | | | | Another important aspect of the OSHA standard |
| - Corrective actions involving clean-up operations | | | | is training. The HAZWOPER standard, which deals |
| at sites covered by the Resource Conservation | | | | with hazardous waste operations and emergency |
| and Recovery Act of 1976 (RCRA) | | | | response situations, necessarily requires a certain |
| - Voluntary clean-up operations at sites recognized | | | | level of skill on the part of employees. OSHA |
| by the government as uncontrolled hazardous | | | | mandated training courses may range from 4 to |
| waste sites | | | | 40 hours depending upon the nature of the |
| - Operations involving hazardous wastes that are | | | | hazards being dealt with. After the initial training, |
| conducted at treatment, storage and disposal | | | | OSHA also requires follow-up / refresher training. |
| (TSD) facilities pursuant to RCRA regulations | | | | Fortunately, there are a number of commercial |
| - Emergency response operations involving | | | | organizations which provide OSHA training |
| substantial threats involving hazardous substances, | | | | programs, to ensure compliance to OSHA |
| without regard to the physical location of these | | | | standards. |
| threats | | | | |