The Unreliable Narrator - Analysis of the Story Emergency

The fictional and adventurous story, Emergency,Most importantly, the doctors and nurses were
is written by Denis Johnson in the first-person,unable to figure out a proper treatment plan for
and unreliable form of narrative. During thisTerrence Weber, the patient who walked into the
stimulating and fictional short story, Dennisemergency room with a knife in his eye, and
Johnson emphasizes the confessional nature asalleged that his wife stabbed him in his sleep for
one which lacks credibility. The lack of suchlooking at the lady sunbathing next door. When
credibility comes in the form of:Georgie was finished disinfecting the patient, he
untrustworthiness, incomplete information, andreturned with a hunting knife in his hand.
hallucination, which at times stem from the use ofApparently, Georgie had removed the knife from
drugs, infantile immaturity, lies, deception,Weber's eye without realizing the impact of his
mistakes, or even manipulation.actions. The most the doctor had to say was,
ZZ Packer states in one of her analysis entitled, A"Where did you get that?" Additionally, one nurse
Conversation on Writing, "The power of thesaid after a short while, "Your shoelace is untied."
first-person point of view... is a confessionalThis gave Georgie time to put the knife down
storytelling voice" (Delbanco184). She continueswhile tying his shoelace without one clue of what
her analysis by summarizing such narrative asis taking place (Page 275).
being based on: unreliability, ignorance, personalNext, the altered state of consciousness based on
bias, intentional deception, and even insanitythe unreliable narrator is obvious in this dialogue,
existing in the narration by the unreliable narrator"Do you realize it's going to snow? He was right; a
(196). For example, in the fictional storygun blue storm was shaping up. We got out and
Emergency; Johnson begins with, "I'd beenwalked around idiotically...the crispness and tang of
working in the emergency room for about threeeverything green stabbing us" (Page 277). The
weeks, I guess" (Creative Writing 272). Hehallucination effects of the pills are obvious in this
continues, "I just started wondering...coronarydialogue. Additionally, while stumbling into a military
care...cafeteria...looking for Georgie...he often stolecemetery, the characters now looking in the sky
pills from the cabinets" (272). The confessionalsaw angels descending with huge faces streaked
nature of the first-person "I" is obvious in thiswith light and full of pity, which caused Georgie to
unreliable narrative point of view as the storyopen his arms and cried, "It's the drive-in man!
unfolds the relationship with Georgie and theThe drive-in...They are showing movies in
unreliable narrator.a...blizzard." Georgie screamed. "I See, I thought it
Furthermore, the incomplete nature of thewas something else" (Page 278).
unreliable story teller is associated with symbolicBased on the narrative, the setting of the story is
drug use and/or abuse. The narrator states,in the summer and not winter; however, the
"...Georgie, the orderly, [is] a pretty good friend ofdialogue between Georgie and the first-person
mine; he often stole pills from the cabinets" (272).unreliable narrator shifts to winter based on the
This example shows the untrustworthiness andanalysis of hallucinatory impact from the pills they
self-interest in the unreliable character first-personare eating, which shows a character flaw and an
narrative. The story continues with, "Let mealtered state of consciousness from the drugs.
check your pockets, man...I found his stash" (PageObviously, there is a lack of alignment with reality
273). Furthermore, the confessional nature in theand the narrator's mental state of being with
story indicates, "I stood around...chewing up morenature. The reflecting unreliability in judgment and
of Georgie's pills. Some tasted the way urinethe dialogue highlighting infantile immaturity in
smells, some burned, some tastes like chalk"information regarding the present climatically
(Page 274). In this narrative there is a variety ofcondition, shows the lack of cognitive
stimulating drug use and abuse. One could stateinterpretation and faulty memory-thus unreliable
that drug use results in incoherent and incompleteunfolds!
statements from the narrator and cast greatBased on this narrative, one must beg the
doubt on the credibility of the first-personquestion, "What story Wilson's wife will receive
cognitive thinking pattern, which operates in aform the unreliable narrator, regarding her
state of altered consciousness.husband's treatment in the Intensive Care Unit?