Tape Rotation Schemes For Disaster Recovery

The most basic type of disaster recovery is toAdding up the tapes you will have: 4 son tapes
copy all of your data to magnetic media and(assuming a five day work week), 3 father tapes
store it in an offsite storage location. In the eventand a new grandfather tape every month.
of a disaster to the server or the entire buildingSix Tape
the data will be secure in an offsite location. TheThis scheme is the easier to implement but lacks
data can then be reloaded and business restarted.the redundancy of a GFS tape rotation scheme. It
The two most important considerations whenis best used by small business with limited data
devising a disaster recovery plan is security andneeds. Five tapes are labeled for each day of the
cost. Magnetic tapes are the most commonweek, assuming a five day work week. The sixth
option because they have a large capacity. Intape is also labeled Friday. A full backup is taken
addition, they are not-volatile which means theyeach Friday and an incremental on Monday
have a very long storage life. However, to getthrough Thursday. The Friday tapes are rotated
the life you expect out of magnetic tapes theyand stored offsite.
should be stored in a media vault that controlsTower of Hanoi
temperature and moisture.This is the most secure tape rotation scheme but
The most basic tape rotation scheme is toalso the most complex one. This scheme requires
backup your data every day for permanentfive tapes labeled A, B, C, D, and E. The A tapes
offsite storage. This would work but requires aare used for a full backup every other day. The B
tremendous amount of tapes and storage space.tapes are used for a full backup every 4th day.
An incremental step is to only take incrementalThe C tapes are used for a full backup every 8
backups. This only backs up the changes thatth day. The D and E tapes are alternated for a
occur between the last full backup. This will reducefull backup every 16 th day. Or said another way,
the number of tapes for any backup and reducestape A is used every odd numbered day. Tape B
the wear on the tapes.is used every other even numbered day. Tape C
Now since you don't want -- or need -- everyis used every third numbered day. Tape D and E
backup, you can re-use tapes from prior periods.are used every fourth even numbered day. The
This is commonly known as tape rotation. Don'tB, C, D and E tapes are stored offsite. Confusion
forget that tapes will wear out and need to becan arise because it doesn't operate on a
replaced periodically. You have reduced thetraditional work week calendar. If you implement
number of tapes but there are more efficient andthis scheme it is wise to have automated
secure rotation schemes. Here are three commonreminders to help everyone keep track of what
tape rotation strategies:tape is to be used each day.
Grandfather - Father - Son (GFS)The most important thing for any tape rotation
This is the most widely used scheme for tapesystem is to get started. A poorly designed one
rotation. It combines security with ease ofis far better than being left with no backup at all.
implementation. It's simplicity comes from runningKeep at least one tape stored in a secure offsite
on a traditional calendar. On the last day of everylocation. Make sure the backup tapes are
month a full backup is performed and labeledaccessible at all times. It is also wise to test your
'grandfather'. This tape is stored permanentlybackups at least quarterly. What is critical data
offsite. On the last day of every week a fulland where it is located can change and leave you
backup is done called the 'father' and storedmissing valuable information when you need it
offsite. Then daily an incremental backup is donemost. Do a full reload on a test system to see if
called the 'son'. Son tapes can be stored onsite oryou can withstand a disaster to your systems.
offsite depending on the volume of data changes.