Natural Disaster Recovery Guide

Storms can be deadly. That's why emergencyschedules for a while by delegating some tasks in
weather management facilities send out suchorder to have time and energy to help their
serious warnings ahead of time to protect thechildren avoid feeling more pressure from the
lives of our children, homes and communities. Wedifficult experience that surviving a major disaster
know to stay inside during severe weather and tobrings. If you feel that your caregiver 'tank' is
unplug our televisions and computers because weempty, let someone else help you for a while until
know that in bad weather bad things can happen.you get your strength back. That's best for you
We know to prepare ahead of time by keeping aand for those that you care about.
watchful eye on tracking the storm and stockingWhen you can focus and dedicate attention to
up on the resources needed to get through itunderstanding the needs of young children, notice
safely, like flashlight batteries, bottled water, firstwhat they are saying, drawing or doing to
aid kits and other essential survival supplies.determine if they are still feeling overly stressed
However, what we usually don't know is how tofrom the storm. School age kids need to talk,
deal with the devastating emotions that comedraw pictures or take positive action, (like having
after a terrible storm hits. Emotions like stress,a lemonade stand to raise money for kids just
anger, worry, depression, anxiety and panic arelike them who are now storm victims because
common in our busy world but can build up totheir homes were destroyed), so if you give
dangerous levels after a critical incident, whichthem something to do to help, they can take
often can lead to disastrous results.positive action and sort through their emotions
Natural disasters can destroy entire communitiesimmediately. High school age kids may try to act
in just a few moments, while the recovery"cool" about everything, but often are more
process to rebuild from a major critical incidentscared about the changes, losses and confusion
may take weeks or months to sort through. Thethan any other group. They are older and may
more you know about how to survive after theneed to experience a bit more "reality" at times
storm, the faster you can take positive action toto loosen up their ability to talk about what is
get your personal and professional life back onhappening around them. If they are willing to talk
track. Since natural disasters like hurricanes,to their siblings, other family members, clergy or
tornadoes, earthquakes, fires and floods arecounselors it often doesn't take very long before
among the biggest and most destructive forcesthey can grow strong enough to deal with their
that impact people living in the United States;emotions and get back to feeling like themselves
what can you do right now to cope with theagain.
psychological impact of a major storm before orThe greatest danger sign to be alert and aware
after it makes landfall?of is by noticing any dramatic changes in behavior.
The most important thing to focus on is this:If a child was always happy go lucky before the
"DON'T MAKE A BAD SITUATION WORSE!"storm and now sits all day to watch video
Keep this single thought in mind as you begin tofootage of the world's disasters on the news or
sort through the process of stabilizing yourselfweather channels- then you may want to figure
and those you care about who have beenout why they made such a dramatic shift in
impacted by the storm. During the storm the goalpersonality. Watch for other major changes in
is to be safe while surviving whatever naturesleep patterns, school patterns, school
throws your way; blistering heat, the groundperformance, peer relations and so on. If you see
quaking under your feet or your house being galemajor changes that concern you, it's time to seek
force winds and rain. After the disaster is overprofessional attention for the child with their
and the storm passes, the goal is to quicklypediatrician or with a child behavioral specialist
rebuild the normal life routines that you had in- What are some ways to help our kids talk
your personal and professional life before theabout storm stress?
storm hit. If you get focused on rebuilding, you willYou can reach out to children in many ways to
be able to spend your energy in positive wayshelp them deal with this stressful time of rebuilding
instead of being in a mental fog of confusion,after the storm. Talking, writing, drawing, even
mingled with panic or regret.making up a song about the experience with the
Dealing directly with your emotions will reduce thedisaster will make the time pass more quickly, and
tension and stress on you, which allows you tomay even lighten someone else's load of
have more energy to deal with a difficult situation.emotional pain and difficulty while helping you back
However, if you stuff your fears and frustrationsthrough the process. Some families even play
in a major disaster, your emotions can quicklyboard games like the "worst case scenario,"
blow up without warning. Exploding in rage on your(which is based on actual survival information
children, your marriage partner or a volunteer at afrom a book by the same name). Many of the
water station will only make a difficult situationissues discussed in the game aren't likely to
worse. It's not their fault, and it's not yours.happen to the majority of people on the planet,
Natural disasters are a terrible situation full of loss(such as how to survive a shark attack),
and difficulty for everyone. By taking action nowhowever, talking about any crisis event in life can
you can move beyond feeling overwhelmed byhelp kids learn the basics of moving from the
intense stress, anger or confusion. As you followpanic of basic survival to building strengths
the insight from this recovery guide, you will bethrough problem solving.
taking positive steps to rebuild with the focused- What can people expect in the weeks ahead?
energy of an even stronger life for you and your"Hurry up and wait," will be the motto that a lot
family after the storm.of people will think about in the days ahead. This is
To best survive the storm, you need a strongbecause the daily life activities like filling up a gas
combination of three key elementstank, taking a warm shower, or driving through a
- healthy coping skillsbusy intersection with working traffic lights, have
- healthy supports and abeen dramatically disrupted. Life is usually out of
- healthy perspectiveof how to rebuild after abalance for weeks or sometimes even months
natural disaster. While things will never be theafter a major disaster, and while no one likes it,
same as they were before the storm; thewe all have to get through it.
following guidelines will give you the key elementsThere may be long lines for many of the basic
needed to get past the overwhelming stress andproducts or services necessary to survive or
to find even greater strength on the other side.care for our loved ones; so prepare now for the
- What are the dangerous warning signs offact that may be difficult at times. Major storms
"Storm Stress Syndrome"?can kill hundreds of people, shattered billboards, rip
Stress from the storm affects everyonetraffic lights from their poles, splintered trees,
however; it becomes dangerous to our health if itshred awnings or screen rooms, rip apart
goes on for an extended period of time. Stormelectric-cable-phone-Internet transmission lines,
Stress can affect adults, children, the elderly andsnap off traffic signs, seriously damaged
even pets, so it is important to be alert to watchthousands of homes and cause millions to
for the danger signs of the psychological conditionsometimes even billions of dollars in damage
called, 'Post-Traumatic-Stress-Disorder',where they hit, (like Hurricane Katrina did to the
(commonly referred to as PTSD), in yourself,Gulf coast a few years ago). The more people
your family members and coworkers. In naturaland communities that are seriously affected the
disasters like hurricanes or tornadoes, I refer tolonger it takes for some things to even be
the rapid build up of these symptoms as "Stormevaluated for repair and significantly longer than
Stress Syndrome". These symptoms include anythat for them to be replaced. It is wise to
dramatic change in emotions, behavior, thoughtmentally prepare for the fact that the damage
patterns or physical symptoms over the nextfrom a major storm could take weeks to clean
few days, weeks or even months. Since naturalup and months to perhaps even a year to rebuild
disasters are a terribly stressful time forfrom.
everyone, both during and after the storm andKnow that this will be hard on everyone involved
often remain stressful for some time to come,but we can get through it with a lot less stress if
there are a number of factors to be aware of towe work together. Here's a formula to help
keep yourself and those who you care aboutvictims recover from this type of crisis event
safe.faster. It spells out the word "P.A.T." which stands
Storm Stress Warning Signs-for
These signs are indicators that the intense stressPatience-
from the critical incident is beginning to overwhelmThings are going to take a lot longer than normal.
the individual. The longer the stress symptomsFocus on the reality of why things are
occur-the greater the severity of the traumaticdisorganized or confusing after the storm, instead
event on the individual. This does not implyof getting angry at everything that doesn't go
craziness or personal weakness; rather, it simplyyour way. The more you let your anger build, the
indicates that the stress levels from the stormmore likely you will dump it on the people you
were too powerful for the person to manage andlove. That is irresponsible and wrong, so don't do
their body is reacting to the abnormal situation ofit! Deal directly with the pressure of this recovery
having survived a major trauma.time by building a deeper understanding of the
It's normal to feel completely overwhelmed by asituation and what you can actually do about it,
natural disaster like a hurricane; however thereinstead of feeling angry and helpless about what
are danger signs to watch for in yourself oryou can't do anything about right now during this
others that may indicate psychological trauma.time of disaster recovery. Being moody and
Adults or children who display any of the followingcontinually irritated will not make things better for
stress symptoms may need additional help dealinganyone, but it can make a bad situation worse for
with the events of this crisis. It is stronglyeveryone involved. Why add more stress to an
recommended that you seek the appropriatealready over-stressed situation?
medical or psychological assistance if you see a lotAttitude-
of of the physical, emotional, cognitive orIn a crisis situation you can't afford to waste
behavioral symptoms listed below in you, youreven a drop of valuable resources like water or
coworkers, or someone in your family or home,gasoline-and you should be equally cautious about
especially if these symptoms weren't presentwasting emotional energy by worrying about
before the storm.things you can't change. It's time to go with the
Physical Symptoms:flow of difficult situations, instead of trying to fight
Chills, thirst, fatigue, nausea, fainting, vomiting,against it. You can't control the fact that this
dizziness, weakness, chest pain, headaches,difficult situation has happened, and if you try it
elevated blood pressure, rapid heart rate, musclehyper-control something as big as a natural
tremors, difficulty breathing, shock symptoms,disaster it will only lead to greater levels of
and so on.anxiety and stress for you. Better to keep
Emotional Symptoms:focused on positive things like counting your
Fear, guilt, grief, panic, denial, anxiety, irritability,blessings instead of counting your problems.
depression, apprehension, emotional shock, andAnxiety, stress, worry and chronic sleep loss can
feeling overwhelmed, loss of emotional control,take a bad situation like this one and turn it into
and so on.an abusive, or out of control one in a matter of
Cognitive Symptoms:days. Protect your attitude and you will
Confusion, nightmares, uncertainty, hyper-vigilance,significantly protect your ability to deal with the
suspiciousness, intrusive images, poor problemchallenges that lie ahead.
solving, poor abstract thinking, poor attentionTrust-
memory and concentration, disorientation of time,This one is hard because people tend to feel
places or people, difficulty identifying objects orangry and resentful in the days and weeks after
people, heightened or lowered alertness, and soa critical incident. However, it is essential to know
on.that the construction and recovery crews
Behavioral Symptoms:responsible to take action to repair the daily life
Withdrawal, antisocial acts, inability to rest,activities we tend to take for granted, (like
intensified pacing, erratic movements, changes inelectricity, water, gas, phone and cable services),
social activity, changes in speech patterns, loss ofare already working 24/7 shifts to accomplish
or increase of appetite, increased alcoholthat important goal of rebuilding basic services
consumption, and so on.that were disrupted by the disaster.
If you are in doubt about these symptoms inThis includes staff from the power company,
your life, or someone you care about, it is wise tophone company, tree services, cell phone
seek the care of a physician or certified mentalproviders, cable television workers, Internet
health professional. Better to actively deal with theproviders, insurance adjusters, FEMA workers, the
stressful emotions directly to help yourself anddepartment of transportation workers replacing
your loved ones to immediately cope with thissigns and traffic lights, fire fighters, police officers,
crisis because these emotions tend to worsen anddoctors, nurses, school board officials, grocery
get more intense if left untreated. Rememberstore workers, gas station attendants, yard debris
that there are many experienced professionalscollectors and on and on. Trust that everyone is
who can help you recover during a time of crisis.doing the best that they can to get things back
You do not have to go through this alone.on track. Emergency repair crews often work
Take action now to prevent stress after thedouble time to get our homes, schools and
storm from continuing to overwhelm you or thebusinesses back on track-count on it. Even better,
people you care about. Call a trusted friend to talkstop and thank them with your kids if you have a
through it, reach out to clergy, or call your familychance. A kind word of "thanks" goes a long way
doctor or counselor. If you don't know someoneto reduce the stress and frustration that these
to call about these emotional issues, you canprofessionals feel in rebuilding and maintaining
reach out for assistance by calling telephoneessential services in our community.
hotlines which are offered at no cost to you.- Why do some people seem to become bitter or
These numbers are often posted by local media,hateful after a crisis like this one, instead of just
hospitals, the American Red Cross, the Salvationbeing grateful to be alive?
Army or FEMA. If you, or someone you careA major disaster "dumps out" whatever is inside
about are feeling overwhelmed by stress, anxiety,of a person, so you will see the best and the
guilt or grief it's important to make the call forworst of behavior happening in the days ahead. A
assistance now to learn how to get past thecritical incident or natural disaster that overwhelms
pressure to begin to feel 'okay' again.an entire community creates an equal sized
- How can I help my family get back to "normal"emotional reaction in people, so be prepared for
after a major disaster?some unusual reactions in yourself and the people
Hurricanes, tornadoes, fires, floods andaround you. Sometimes people who were the
earthquakes are often the most destructivemost hurting before the storm will act wonderful
events that a person can experience in a lifetime.and kind on the other side of recovering from this
These types of storms are also among the mosttype of traumatic event. It's like they find a
expensive disasters to recover from financiallyhidden strength in a crisis and reach out to others
because of being out of work or not havingin a new way. Others just go numb and will seem
enough insurance coverage to replace what theto act like robots. Some people will get loud and
storm destroyed. It may take months to perhapsothers will become unusually quiet. There are
even a year for everyone to feel that things aremany reasons for the wide range of emotional
back to "normal." The actual psychological impactresponse; with a common factor being how many
of the storm will vary widely between peopledifficult and traumatic experiences they may have
based on factors like- age, their previousalready witnessed in their lives. Hopefully, some
experiences with storm recovery and mostpeople may have already sorted through these
significantly how much stress they already had indeep hurts and strong emotions before a killer
their life before the storm. The more stressstorm hits. If so, they may have a deeper
someone had in their life prior to the storms, theunderstanding of the need for compassion to
longer it takes to recover, and with the additionalothers in a crisis. They understand about the
stress of daily life coupled with the rise in gasolinestorms in life and react with kindness, sometimes
prices the stress levels have dramaticallyit may even seem to come automatically for
increased on everyone affected by these storms.them to reach out with positive emotions instead
Here are some immediate ways to bring orderof being critical.
and calmness back into your life after the chaosOther people can get completely cutting, hateful
and confusion that follows a natural disaster likeand mean in everything that they say and do,
these hurricanes.even if they weren't that way before the storm.
1) Reconnect in relationships -They may even try to chase you off with a
You can't get through a crisis alone. Since we allbroom if you try to help them clean up the
were impacted differently, it is vitally important tobroken limbs in their yard! Don't panic, they
talk about the stress and pressures you haveprobably aren't having a breakdown, rather it's
experienced with the people closest to you. Reachlikely a behavior some people call being
out to friends and family as soon as possible, and'hardhearted.' This comes from year's worth of
call people you haven't heard from in a while. Justunresolved past hurts being piled up and never
checking in to see if they are okay will only takeaddressed or resolved. Try not to take it
a few minutes, but it will empower and help bothpersonally if the criticism comes your way.
of you. Simply talk about what each of youRemember the rule that "hurt people- hurt people"
experienced through the disaster and how youand then take their negative comments with a
got through the storm. Tremendous connection'grain of salt' while still attempting to maintain
can occur through crisis, so this is an especiallyintegrity in caring for others who may be able to
good time to reach out to friends or family whoreceive the offer of a helping hand to get through
may have drifted away from your closest circlethis difficult time.
of relationships. Take action now to reach out to- What is survivor guilt and how does it negatively
people with words of encouragement andimpact people?
support, but don't wait for someone else to callThousands of people who didn't lose power, have
you-their phone may not work! Go find them andtheir homes damaged or lose basic services often
then reconnect the relationship while helping eachfeel uncomfortable with being blessed instead of
other rebuild.being grateful for their blessings. Remember to
2) Rebuild your routines-manage your affairs at home and then at work in
This is one of the most important factors toa responsible way, and to pace yourself through
quickly get life back on track because we all drawthe process. Doing too much/too soon can
strength and security from a structured dailyexhaust you and limit your ability to live out your
routine. Bed time, dinner time, getting up to go topriorities in your immediate family. Helping others
school, or work, or church or the gym to workat the expense of protecting and helping your
out. To regain strength quickly identify what yourown family seems right after a disaster, but it is
normal routines were before the storm-and thenwrong because it misplaces the important priority
get back to them as soon as possible. Even if youof caring for those closest to you first, (there are
are staying in a hotel, shelter or with familyemergency exceptions to that rule at times). Best
members for a while, stick with the rituals thatis to pace yourself in the race to recover and
you have typically followed that make up yourrebuild. Hurricane or flood seasons come to an
daily lifestyle. This way you will feel the comfortend, but if you over do-things you may end up
of your stable and predictable routines, regardlesshurting yourself and make your own future a lot
of the stress of the many changes happeningworse. If your home is okay and you can get to
around you.work, be the happiest person in your
3) Reach out for faith-neighborhood and if you only suffered minor
In times of crisis everyone believes in the powerstorm damage don't allow the inconveniences of
of prayer and the importance of their faith. Theredaily life, like having to do without hot water or
is tremendous strength in knowing what youcable television for a while, get you down.
believe and living in harmony with those beliefs- What should people consider when first returning
and values. Plugging back into your faith after theto their homes after being evacuated before the
storm will allow you to release anxiety over thestorm?
things that you know are too big for you,You need to mentally prepare for the loss by
because you can trust God to handle them.remembering that things in this life can be
Dedicate a few minutes or perhaps even an hourdamaged by wind, water, fire and falling trees.
per day to quiet mediation and reflection on whatOur lives and the lives of those that we love are
matters most if you want to continue to growmuch more valuable than anything in our homes.
strong in spite of the storm. This is especiallyWhatever the destruction looks like now,
important when you or your children may feelremember that it can and eventually will be
lost, alone or afraid. God cares and taking time torepaired in time. Keep repeating to yourself
pray and release those burdens will help youphrases like, "It's just stuff anyway," or "the
make it through the rest of your day. Manymore things you have, the more things have
churches and houses of faith have disaster andyou," or even "our family is safe-and that's all that
recovery teams, support services and evenmatters since the rest is just a house that can be
financial assistance available to help their membersreplaced." Changing your mind about things will
cope with the crisis. Helping others in need is oneallow you to control your most powerful asset,
of the greatest ways people of faith model whatyour own internal drives, personal beliefs and
they believe, so avoid the tendency of being "toochoices, which is the emotional "grid": that all other
nice" to ask for help if you need it. Having aemotions go through. Change that, and you will be
committed personal faith combined with theable to make even more positive changes in your
connection of a local house of worship will givedaily life.
you a tremendous sense of community to get- What final thought can you give to encourage
through this storm as well as the ones to come.us through this recovery process?
4) Retell your story-Stress can lead you to a greater level of success
Young and old alike will benefit from hearing aboutif you allow it; which is the primary focus you
how other people survived what will likely be theneed to grow through a difficult situation like this
worst natural disaster they will ever experience.one. You will make it through the crisis and you
There is tremendous power in telling your story;will survive if you take action to connect to your
healing power for you and helpful power forsupports, use positive coping skills and develop the
others who will gain insight and strength bymindset of looking for strength beyond the storm.
hearing how creative people can become throughThe biggest part of this process is to reach out
the crisis. As you speak up about what happened,and link arms with others who were impacted by
it will make it easier for other family members orthis storm just like you were. Supporting others
coworkers to talk about their feelings of loss asgives you a significantly greater level of strength
well. Things will never be the same as before, butthan if you ever tried to stand alone through the
life will go on and we can rebuild and get throughcrisis. Finding strength in storms by linking arms
it better together. Telling your story now will givewith others is what the massive Redwood trees
you additional strength as well as connect you toin California do to withstand incredible pressure.
the neighbors and friends as they share theirRedwoods are massive trees...many are over 300
story with you.feet high, and yet only have root systems that
- How does a critical incident like this affect kids?go 4-5 feet deep. Why don't they fall over in a
It depends on the age of the child. The youngergentle breeze? Simple. The mighty Redwoods
the child, the more they look to their parents fornever grow alone. They link their roots together
emotional security and strength. If a Mom or Dadand withstand ten times the stress and pressure
are "shell-shocked" or "numb" and not able tobecause they are not alone in the storm. They
manage their own emotions or responsibilities; theneed each other to stand strong and so do we. A
child will feel that pressure and become verymajor crisis gives us a chance to stand strong
confused and further stressed. Remember, it'stogether, just like the Redwoods do. This is our
normal to be overwhelmed by a major disaster.time to get focused, build healthy coping skills into
This is why it's so important to take care ofour daily life and be surrounded by strong people
yourself in order to take care of your children andwho have the heart and resources to stand firm
those your care about through the long period ofby living out what they believe. And it's time for
recovery and rebuilding after the storm.you to stand alongside them as we all come
Think about the advice given on commercialtogether to rebuild our community after the
airliners to parents traveling with small children.storm.
"Should there be an unexpected cabinNo matter what the size of crisis event, you can
de-pressurization; oxygen masks will drop fromfind strength after the storm because moving
the ceiling. Place the mask over your nose andbeyond the stress is the beginning of finding
mouth like this and then place the mask over thegreater success. Following the action steps in this
mouth and nose of those around you needingresource guide will allow you to begin building
assistance." Take care of your own emotionalstrength back into your personal and professional
needs first, and then you will be in a strongerlife in spite of the storms. As you grow stronger
position to help those around you. If you feelyou can tell others, which will encourage them to
overwhelmed in giving your children or others whopress on as they rebuild their lives, right next to
may depend on you for support, please ask foryours. Stronger people create stronger
help. It's okay to be tired, worn out and overlycommunities and that is the journey you have
stressed. That's normal after a natural disaster.already begun. I encourage you to stay with it as
However, it's not okay to ignore caring for theyou build an even stronger life after the storm.
needs of those counting on you like children, theNOTE: you can freely redistribute this resource,
elderly or pets. Sometimes a parent may need toelectronically or in print, provided you leave the
make adjustments at work or change their ownauthors information intact in the box below.