How to Disinfect Emergency Drinking Water

In an emergency situation you may not havepicks up some additional oxygen, or by filling the
access to a supply of clean drinking water. Beingcontainer only halfway, sealing it tightly, and
prepared to disinfect your own supply of potableshaking it vigorously.
water is an essential part of personal emergencyIf it is not possible to boil water, chlorine may be
preparedness.used to disinfect drinking water. Chlorine in
If you have a choice, well water is the bestquantities safe to drink will not be as effective in
source of drinking water. In most cases you willeliminating all bacteria as boiling. However, it is the
not have access to a well and you will have torecommended second-best technique if boiling is
purify water from other sources. Lakes, ponds ornot possible.
rivers are the most common sources of waterIn order to disinfect water with chlorine, follow
during a water crisis.the instructions above to remove as much
Do your best to avoid any water that appears tosediment and suspended material as possible from
be discolored or that has an odor. This waterthe water.
may have been contaminated with chemicals thatLiquid Household Chlorine Bleach
cannot be removed without sophisticatedMost common liquid household chlorine bleach
purification systems.containers will provide instructions for purifying
When you have no choice but to disinfect cloudywater on the label. If instructions are not available,
or murky water, you will want to remove as10 drops of bleach for each quart of water is
much of the suspended material from the watergenerally sufficient.
as possible. Allow the water to settle so that asDo not use granular bleach to purify water.
much material as possible falls to the bottom ofMix liquid chlorine bleach with water you have
your container. Draw off the cleanest water fromfiltered to the best of your ability as above. Allow
the top and filter it through clean cloth with theit to stand for at least 30 minutes. At the end of
tightest weave you can find.30 minutes the water should have a slight chlorine
Be sure to filter all water into the cleanestsmell. If you cannot smell any chlorine, add a
available containers that can be covered tightly.second equal dose of bleach and allow it to stand
Boilingfor at least another 15 minutes.
If you have a fuel supply, the best way toTreated water with an unpleasant chlorine taste
eliminate bacteria from water is to boil itwill become less offensive if allowed to stand
vigorously for at least one full minute. Of course,exposed to the air for several hours, or if poured
this will only be possible if you have waterbetween containers several times to aerate it.
storage containers that will not be damaged orChlorine Tablets
destroyed by a flame. Plastic containers will not beSporting goods stores and some drug stores
useful here.offer chlorine tablets designed specifically for
Although it may taste flat, water that has beendisinfecting drinking water. Store these unopened
sterilized by boiling and stored in a clean containerin a cool dry place until they are needed, and
is potable. The taste can be improved by pouringfollow the directions printed on the package to
it from one clean container to another so that ituse.