Fire Prevention in Healthcare Facilities

With a large amount of residents physically unableWhen a fire starts healthcare workers need to
to move themselves, fires are a particularact quickly. The best way to insure this is an
problem for the healthcare industry. Many facilitiesemergency action plan. The plan will carefully
have been designed to be fireproof, howeverdefine how to report a fire, who will fight the fire,
because burning materials often release toxicwho is responsible for patient safety, evacuation
vapors fire prevention has and always will be aprocedures and lastly care of patients during an
top priority. All employees can make a differenceemergency.
with fire prevention. With the proper training allThe R.A.C.E. acronym is an easy way to
healthcare facilities can become much saferremember what to do.
institutions.The first thing you should do is RESCUE. If
To help prevent fires employees need to knowanyone is in immediate danger get them out of
what starts them. All fires involve three elements:the room and shut the door. ALARM is next.
Heat, Fuel and Oxygen. Removing any of theseMake sure the fire alarm is activated and 911 has
elements will stop a fire. Fires are started withbeen called. Thirdly CONFINE the fire. Make sure
heat as the ignition and heat can be generated bydoors are shut and the flames or smoke won't
anything that is hot - open flames, chemicalspread to other parts of the facility. The last step
reactions, Faulty electrical, overheated equipmentis EXTINGUISH. If you have been trained to use a
and hot surfaces. Once a fire starts it will growfire extinguisher this is the time to use it, but
hotter and it will not stop until one of the threemake sure you are not in danger first. Always,
elements has been vanquished.evaluate whether you will be safe during the
Flames are created by vapors coming off of aextinguishing process. Never try to put out a fire
flammable material. The temperature at which aif you are not trained, the fire has grown too
material gives off flammable vapors is known aslarge, or if you have to open the door to where
a flashpoint. The flashpoint can change dependingthe fire is.
on how much oxygen is in the air. For instance anIn office and industrial settings all staff is advised
ordinary cleanser that would have a high flashpointto exit immediately during a fire situation,
in normal air might be flammable in an area wherehowever in healthcare facilities this is not practical.
a patient is being given oxygen.All non-essential personal and visitors are advised
What fuels a fire determines what will be used toto follow posted escape routes, but in most
extinguish it. Anesthetic gases can be extinguishedcases patients are "defended" from the fire and
by shutting off the gas, however most fires arenot moved. In many cases, moving patients is
extinguished by applying a material that eliminatesmore dangerous than the fire. When evacuating
the oxygen or the fuel. Applying the wrongmake sure you NEVER use the elevator, make
substance can be devastating though. Forcertain the all doors are cool to the touch and if
instance, using water can cause burning liquids tosmoke rises crawl on the floor if necessary.
spread and water conducts electricity at electricalThe best way to fight a fire is to make sure it
fires.doesn't start in the first place. Cigarettes are by
Fires are separated into four classes: A, B, Cfar the most common cause of fires in healthcare
& D. Class A fires involve normal substancesfacilities. Laundry areas, kitchens, storage closets
like wood, paper or cardboard. These fires can beand nurses stations are some of the most
extinguished with water. Class B fires are fueledcommon areas for fires to start. You need to be
by flammable liquids and gasses. Chemical foamsvery careful around flammable liquids and in areas
are the best way to extinguish these types ofwhere oxygen is being administered.
fires. Class C Fires are electrical and involveIn conclusion, everyone is an important part of
electrical equipment. They are extinguished byyour facilities fire prevention plan. Employee
non-conductive agents. Class D fires are fueled bytraining on fire prevention is crucial and can save
combustible metals. These type of fires arelives. Have an emergency plan with clear
extremely difficult to put out and must be left toinstructions and make sure all employees know
professional to take extinguish.their part in a fire emergency.