Emergency Room Care at Home

Hospital emergency departments (EDs) weresome have decided if you can't fix the problem
initially designed to provide immediate care foryou may as well feature the problem.
patients experiencing acute medical conditions andThe modern day medical house call can now offer
serious trauma victims. Once patients weremany of the same services that were once only
stabilized they were either discharged home oravailable in the emergency room. In the modern
transferred to another location for moreday medical house call patients can have
advanced and specialized care. Now, EDs arecomprehensive physical exams that include blood
experiencing increased use by people who do notwork, EKGs, x-rays, and ultrasounds (cardiac
have a primary care provider and use the ED forecho, carotid Doppler studies etc). These tests
routine medical care. The increased inappropriateare often sufficient to provide the needed data to
usage of the ED places an increased stress onmake a diagnosis and establish a treatment plan.
already strained healthcare resources.Another benefit of the medical house call is the
EDs have responded to the increased usage forclinicians that are seeing you are able to give you
non-emergent services by offering many moretheir undivided attention. Also you will be able to
resources than the original emergency room. Nowsee the same health care provider as opposed to
the ED has more diagnostic and treatmentthe doctor of the day or medical resident.
options than were previously intended. The EDAnother advantage of the medical house call is
now is a self-sufficient unit within the largerthe increased privacy that you are afforded by
medical center, and has become integrated intothe nature of staying in your home. If patient use
the patients' continuum of care. In-house specialtythe medical house call for their primary care
consultations are usually immediately available asneeds as well as their sick day needs they may
are advanced diagnostic studies. This has perhapsbe able to spare themselves the stress and risks
led to a perpetuation of the misuse of theof a trip to the emergency room.
modern day emergency department.Some common conditions that can be treated in
An increasing problem is the misuse ofthe home include common pulmonary infections
emergency services by patients who do not have(pneumonia & bronchitis), gastrointestinal
a primary care provider and use the ED forconditions (stomach flu & abdominal pain),
routine and non-urgent care. Less than 10% ofdermatological conditions (2nd degree burns, acne,
emergency room visits are actually emergencies.rashes), chronic conditions (diabetes, COPD,
More than half of the patients that present to thehypothyroid, obesity, congestive heart failure, high
ED could be better served by being treated inblood pressure), urological problems (urinary tract
place (home, skilled nursing facility, occupationalinfections, prostate inflammation, kidney stones),
health office, or added on to a PCP schedule).and dehydration. One preventative care measure
One-third of ED visits could be treated in athat can be done in the home that is not typically
Primary Care Provider office. It has been welldone in an ER or even a traditional doctor's office
established treatment in Emergency Departmentsis health behavior counseling for lifestyle
is more expensive than in any of the abovemodifications. Typically this is done in doctor's
mentioned potential care settings.offices and Emergency rooms by giving you a
Despite the high cost of ED servicesgeneric handout. The reason for this is because
non-emergent use of emergency servicesthe traditional care environment is focused doing
continues to grow. Many non-urgent ED visitsthe least amount of care possible to meet the
could have been avoided if patients had aneeds of the masses that are waiting to be seen.
pre-existing relationship with an accessible primaryEmergency rooms were initially designed to treat
care provider. In addition to the financial cost,acute medical conditions and to stabilize trauma
crowded waiting areas, long wait times, actual andpatients before they are transfer to the
potential delays in receiving medical care patientsappropriate treatment location. Unfortunately, EDs
are subjected to increased risk for medical errors,have also become a place to seek treatment for
exacerbation of pre-existing conditions, andmany people who do not have a primary care
nosocomial infections. ERs will be swamped in theprovider. As a result, the numbers of emergency
middle of the flu season with a combination ofvisits has increased, although the reasons for the
patient types some with actual flu or swine fluvisits are often not emergencies. Non-emergent
while others have minor sprains. Now the personvisits are causing a huge backlog of real
with the sprain has been exposed to the highlyemergency patients and increasing the amount of
contagious flu.money spent on healthcare.
The medical house call has started to makeA new medical house calls company in NYC has
resurgence in many parts of the country to helprecently opened which allows patients to
address many of the primary preventativecommunicate with their PCP online via a secure
non-urgent care needs of patients. The averagepatient portal. Patients can request appointments
ED visit in NYC can cost upwards of $800 andonline. The Nurse Practitioner arrives at the
brings with it the risks of medical errors due topatient's home, office or hotel usually the same or
many different health care providers, loss ofnext day. The NP can diagnose the problem,
work and wages due to prolonged wait times, andorder tests (most of which can be done at the
infectious disease risk due to the gathering ofpatients home) and electronically submit a
people with airborne illness (Influenza, H1N1, staphprescription to the local pharmacy that can
and strep infections).typically deliver the medication. The company also
The average cost of a medical house call in NYCoffers established patients the convenience of
ranges from $150- $600 and greatly reduces theweb-cam follow-up appointments and email
risk of nosocomial infections, saves time andconsultations, which allows patients to take their
reduces lost wages because the patient is able toprimary care provider with them when they
wait in the comfort of their own home. Oftentravel. All of this costs a fraction of what the
times being able to see the patients normalstarting price of an ER visit would be. Patients can
environment can provide many clues foruse their flex spending and health savings
diagnosing a condition at a fraction of the cost ofaccounts or major credit card to pay for this
the ER visit. One hospital in Connecticut has evenservice. As the debate over health care continues
gone to posting wait times on line for their ERs somore and more innovative and market solutions
patients can log on and see how long it will takewill answer the call to solve the nations health
to be seen. As much as policymakers say theycrisis. The problem will be if policy is made to stifle
would like to reign in cost of health care clearlyinnovation.