Emergency Disaster Planning: Building a Bug-Out Kit

Report after report comes in about how manyscrewdrivers and so on) for taking care of small
people couldn't or didn't escape the wrath ofbut sometimes life-or-death repairs and jury-rigs.
Hurricane Katrina. More reports come in about the- A small first aid kit containing at least bandages
disorganized relief effort, the communicationsof various sizes, antiseptic ointment, sunscreen, a
problems they're having and the difficulty inbottle of contact lens saline solution (good for
getting survivors to safety even when they arecleaning injuries and flushing eyes) and OTC pain
reachable by rescue personnel.relievers.
Hopefully, few of us will ever be caught in such a- A safety lighter and a few small candles. Never
widespread and devastating disaster as Hurricanelight these unless you are sure that there is no
Katrina. But should a natural or man-made disasterchance of an explosion from natural gas, propane
threaten your family or force an evacuation,or other leaking fuels. For safety, use your
having a fully-stocked and easily-reachedflashlight for your primary light source. Save the
emergency "bug-out" bag could help save your lifelighter and candles for starting cooking or heating
during the first stages, and help make rescue,fires.
recovery and a return to normalcy easier and- An indelible, waterproof black permanent marker
more successful.(buy new and keep in package until needed, to
A bug-out bag is basically a duffle bag or othermaintain freshness). Useful for many things
easy to carry luggage piece stocked with theincluding leaving notes for rescuers or others on
following items:whatever is at hand, marking your gear at a
- Photocopies of important documents such asshelter, and writing ID and medical info on the
birth certificates, drivers' licenses and so on forarms of kids, the elderly, the ill or anyone who
the entire family. Note: keep the originals in a safemay become separated or are unable to speak
deposit box or other safe place - non-notarizedfor themselves. (There are also white markers
photocopies cannot generally be used for officialthat can be used for darker-skinned individuals, or
actions like getting a drivers license, but are moresimply write on a lighter area of their body).
than fine for temporary ID in emergencySturdy hospital or nightclub-style ID bracelets are
situations. And don't forget insurance papers andalso handy for this purpose. Note: there is always
other items you might need to begin rebuilding.danger in having children's ID plainly visible to
- A small sum of cash ($20-50) for immediatestrangers. Use your best judgment in each
emergency use.situation to weigh the various benefits and
- A temporary supply of prescription drugs in theirconcerns.
originally-labeled containers, regularly rotated for- Don't forget the pets! Keep their carriers handy,
freshness. This is easily done by buying one refillclean and ready to go. Your kit should have any
ahead. As you finish your current package orfood, medications, leashes and important papers
bottle, take the next one out of the bag andnecessary for them, as well. Not all evacuation
replace with a newly purchased refill.shelters will take animals. If you have pets, it is
- A supply of meal replacement and energy bars.important that you know ahead of time where
Look for items that are designed more for caloriethey can go and how you will take care of them
and nutrient density, such as protein bars andin an emergency.
hikers' meal bars, rather than those sold as snackThe bag should be checked and the edibles or
products or candy bar substitutes. You can alsoexpirables rotated at least every 6 months or as
include dried foods or hiking meals and otherneeded (schedule a regular check during daylight
lightweight, easy to prepare and eat items suchsavings changeovers, when you also check your
as nuts, small candies and oatmeal packs.smoke alarm batteries and do other seasonal
- A water purification kit or hiker's filter system.activities). Although this will cover most survival
Bottled water is bulky, heavy and goes stalesituations, you should customize it to fit your
quickly. Dirty water, while distasteful, can often beneeds (toiletries, special gear, food additives, small
easily found, roughly filtered through cloth topaperback books, etc). Just keep in mind the
remove large particulate matter and then sterilizedweight and size of the final kit and that in an
for safe drinking. In a worst-case scenario, boilingemergency situation you may have to carry it for
dirty water for 15 minutes will serve untila long time over rough terrain while tired, hungry
alternatives can be found.or even injured.
- A pre-paid phone card and a list of relatives,Your bug-out kit should be placed near the main
friends and emergency numbers. Check forentrance and exit, or in an easy-to-reach central
expiration date and rotate out or renew aslocation. Every member of the family should know
needed.where it is and to make sure it is part of any
- A non-battery-dependent, rechargeable flashlight,emergency evacuation. (It is important to stress,
radio and cell phone charger, if you have a phonehowever, that no one ever go after any item,
(alternatives include solar, squeeze-charge oreven the emergency bag, in the case of a house
kinetically charged options). Even when phonefire. In that case, focus only on getting out as
service was available, many Katrina survivorssoon as you can.) Smaller versions of this bag can
could not call out to get help or update relativesalso be kept in offices and vehicles.
because their phones were dead and there wasAlthough having a bug-out kit cannot guarantee
no power. Keep in mind also that even whenyour safety, it goes a long way toward ensuring
phone service is spotty, small text messages canthat you and your family have the best chance
sometime get through.possible of making it through any unforeseen
- A multi-tool (the kind with blades, pliers,emergency as healthy and safe as possible.